Method, container and uses for converting biomass materials into soluble substances by one-step

ABSTRACT

The present invention discloses a method for converting biomass material into soluble substances by one-step, comprising: converting biomass materials into soluble substances by one-step by electrolyzing at a certain time under the condition of constant current using bipolar three-dimension-electrodes system, wherein bipolar three-dimension-electrodes system including an anode, a cathode, particle electrodes and electrolyte, and in electrolyzing process, the particle electrodes and the biomass materials being suspended in the electrolyte. The present invention also discloses a container for converting biomass materials into soluble substances by one-step, comprising: A tank which holds electrolyte at the interior thereof, wherein the side wall of the tank is provided with an opening, the opening is provided with a permeable membrane, and the opening also communicates with a discharge pipe; A pair of electrode plates which are immersed into the electrolyte by at least a part thereof, wherein the pair of electrode plates space from each other and connect to positive pole and negative pole of power supply respectively to form anode and cathode in energized state respectively; and, Particle electrodes which are in granular form and are suspended in the electrolyte. The present invention also discloses uses of soluble substances that are prepared by any one of the methods.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a method for converting biomassmaterials into soluble substances by one-step, and relates to acontainer for converting biomass materials into soluble substances, andalso relates to uses for soluble substances that are converted frombiomass materials.

BACKGROUND ART

Biomass materials are the most abundant and cheapest renewableresources. The production of fuel ethanol and the chemicals from biomassmaterials that have abundant resources, such as agricultural wastes(straw, bagasse, corn stover), forestry wastes (sawdust, wood branches,etc.) and marine algae (green algae, brown algae, red algae), has becomea research hotspot at home and abroad. The conversion of biomassmaterials into chemicals may meet the growing energy needs of humansociety, reduce dependence on increasingly scarce fossil fuels, andachieve the goal of lowering pollution and protecting the environment.However, the natural biomass materials are resistant to enzymatichydrolysis due to having the characteristics of dense structure,composition diversity and complexity of the chemical structure, etc. Theprocess for converting biomass materials into high value-added productsis more complex, which needs pretreatment process that can destroy thebarrier of biomass materials that are resistant to degradation, needsenzymatic saccharification process of producing sugars, and needsorganisms to produce high value-added products from sugars. The entireprocess often takes at least more than a week, which costs too much anddoes not apply to industrial applications. Therefore, it is urgent needto find a method for converting biomass materials into high value-addedproducts quickly.

Lignin is polymer having three-dimensional structure, which is composedof phenylpropane units linked by carbon-carbon bond and ether bond. Thecontent of lignin is very rich, which enhance cell wall and bond fibersin plant tissue. The content of lignin may account for 50 percent ofwood, and the content of lignin are only after cellulose in plant cellwalls. Lignin whose reserves is only next to cellulose in nature,regenerate at a speed of 50 billion tons every year. About 140 milliontons of cellulose are isolated from plants in pulp and paper industryevery year, and about 50 million tons of lignin are obtained at the sametime. But so far, lignin is rarely used effectively. More than 95% oflignins are still discharged into rivers in the form of “black liquor”directly or burned after concentration. As the resources crisis and theimproving of consciousness of human environmental protection, how to uselignin that are waste and natural renewable resources comprehensivelyand effectively has been put into national strategy by many countries.The research of converting lignin and lignin compounds to usefulindustrial products is underway, such as coupling agents of rubber,reinforcing agents, dye dispersants, viscosity reducers of drilling mud,desulfurizers of industrial waste gas and etc. But the process ofconversion of lignin is relatively complex and costly. There needs amethod that has mild condition and is environment-friendly andenergy-saving to convert lignin effectively. Thus, lignin can beutilized at low cost and with high efficiency.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

One purpose of the present invention is to solve at least the aboveproblems and/or defects, and to provide at least the advantages thatwill be described later.

In nature, there are methods that utilizing biomass materials quicklyand subtly in the bodies of wood-eating termites and white rot fungus.The research work of the applicant for the present invention finds thereason why the organisms can utilize biomass materials quickly is thattheir bodies produce radicals, and the radicals oxidize and destroy thecrystalline region of biomass materials and modify lignin at the sametime, to greatly reduce the barrier of biomass materials that areresistance to degradation and to utilize hydrolysis process in thebodies. Based on this finding, the present invention is produced.

Further, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method forconverting biomass materials into soluble substances by one-step, whosereaction conditions are mild. It does not need to add additional enzymesand acid and alkali reagents, and realizes the conversion of biomassmaterials into organic acid at high efficiency at neutral pH in theenergized conditions.

Further, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a containerfor converting biomass materials into soluble substances by one-step.

Further, the purpose of the present invention is to provide uses ofsoluble substances that converted from biomass materials.

To this end, the technical solution provided by the present inventionis:

A method for converting biomass materials into soluble substances byone-step, comprising:

converting biomass materials into soluble substances by one-step byelectrolyzing at a certain time under the condition of constant currentusing bipolar three-dimension-electrodes system, wherein the bipolarthree-dimension-electrodes system including an anode, a cathode,particle electrodes and electrolyte, and in electrolyzing process, theparticle electrodes and the biomass materials being suspended in theelectrolyte.

Preferably, in the method for converting biomass material into solublesubstances by one-step, the constant current is 0.1˜0.9 A.

More preferably, in the method for converting biomass material intosoluble substances by one-step, the constant current is 0.3˜0.7 A.

Preferably, in the method for converting biomass material into solublesubstances by one-step, converting biomass materials into organic acidswhich are some kinds of soluble substances by using bipolarthree-dimension-electrodes system to electrolyzing the biomass materialsat 10˜190 minutes under the condition of constant current by one-step.

Preferably, in the method for converting biomass material into solublesubstances by one-step, the electrolyte contains NaCl or KCl withmolarity and volume ratio of 20 mmol/L˜2 mol/L.

Preferably, in the method for converting biomass material into solublesubstances by one-step, the particle electrodes are activated carbonmicroparticles, the mass/volume ratio of the activated carbonmicroparticles in the electrolyte is 1%˜9%.

Preferably, in the method for converting biomass material into solublesubstances by one-step, the diameter of the activated carbonmicroparticle is 3˜5 mm.

Preferably, in the method for converting biomass material into solublesubstances by one-step, the biomass materials are lignin or corn stalks.

Preferably, in the method for converting biomass material into solublesubstances by one-step, the mass/volume ratio of the biomass materialsin the electrolyte is 2%˜20%.

Preferably, in the method for converting biomass material into solublesubstances by one-step, both the anode and the cathode are graphiteplate electrodes.

A container for converting biomass materials into soluble substances byone-step, comprising:

A tank which holds electrolyte at the interior thereof, wherein the sidewall of the tank is provided with an opening, the opening is providedwith a permeable membrane, and the opening also communicates with adischarge pipe;

A pair of electrode plates which are immersed into the electrolyte by atleast a part thereof, wherein the pair of electrode plates space fromeach other and connect to positive pole and negative pole of powersupply respectively to form anode and cathode in energized staterespectively; and,

Particle electrodes which are in granular form and are suspended in theelectrolyte.

Preferably, in the container for converting biomass material intosoluble substances by one-step, the upper portions of the pair ofelectrode plates is level with the upper portion of the tank.

Preferably, in the container for converting biomass material intosoluble substances by one-step, the electrolyte contains NaCl or KClwith molarity and volume ratio 20 mmol/L˜2 mol/L.

Preferably, in the container for converting biomass material intosoluble substances by one-step, the particle electrodes are activatedcarbon microparticles, the mass/volume ratio of the activated carbonmicroparticles in the electrolyte is 1%˜9%.

Preferably, in the container for converting biomass material intosoluble substances by one-step, the pair of electrode plates aregraphite electrode plates.

Preferably, in the container for converting biomass material intosoluble substances by one-step, further comprising: air sparger which isdisposed at the bottom of the tank, and communicates with an intakepipe, to blow air to make the electrode particles to be suspended in theelectrolyte.

Uses of soluble substances that are prepared by any one of the methods.

The present invention at least includes the following beneficialeffects:

The present invention is under mild reaction conditions, does not needto add additional enzymes and acid and alkali reagents, and realizes theconversion of biomass materials into organic acid at high efficiency atneutral pH in the energized conditions. The present invention alsorealizes the conversion of lignin into soluble organic acid by one-step,without adding other chemical agents and heat treatments.

Other advantages, purposes and features of the present invention will bepartly showed as follows, and will be partly understood by those skilledin the art through studying and practicing the present invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a gas detection diagram for converting biomass materials intoorganic acids in one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a gas detection diagram for converting biomass materials intoorganic acids in one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a gas detection diagram for converting biomass materials intoorganic acids in one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a structure diagram of the container for converting biomassmaterials into organic acids in one embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention will be further described in detail with theaccompanying drawings, to make those skilled in the art can implementthe invention according to the text of the specification.

It should be understood that, as used in this text, the terms of“having”, “including” and “comprising” are not involved with thepresence or addition of one or other components or the combination.

The present invention provides a method for converting biomass materialinto soluble substances by one-step, comprising:

Converting biomass materials into soluble substances by one-step byelectrolyzing at a certain time under the condition of constant currentusing bipolar three-dimension-electrodes system, wherein bipolarthree-dimension-electrodes system including an anode, a cathode,particle electrodes and electrolyte, and in electrolyzing process, theparticle electrodes and the biomass materials being suspended in theelectrolyte.

The so-called bipolar three-dimension electrode is a traditionaltwo-dimension electrolyzer with granular substances packed between thetwo electrodes. And the surface of the granular substances is charged tobecome the new pole, namely the third pole. Then the granular substancesare called particle electrodes. The particle electrodes packed becomebipolar due to static induction by applying voltage between the anodeplate and the cathode plate. That is, one end of the particle electrodebecome anode where anodic reaction occurs, and the other end of theparticle electrode become cathode where cathodic reaction occurs.Particle electrodes in the system form a three-dimension electrode andconstitute numerous micro electrolytic cell between particles. O₂produced by electrolysis reduce on cathode to produce H₂O, while thereaction system generates catalytically hydroxyl radicals which candestroy the molecular structure of the substances that areelectrolyzing. The surface-area-to-volume ratio of three-dimensionelectrode increases and particle spacing of three-dimension electrodereduces, which significantly improve the effect of the mass transfer.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the present invention usesactivated carbon microparticles as packed particle electrodes, which isdifferent from other experiments that are using low impedance activatedcarbon particles as an extension of the anode or the cathode toconstitute unipolar three-dimension electrodes. The activated carbonparticles are suspended in the solution relatively dispersedly underblowing air condition, and bipolarized in the effect of electric fieldto form bipolar three-dimension electrodes. This electrode system canmake use of the direct oxidation of anode and the indirect oxidation of.HO that is produced by anode surface, and can make use of H₂O₂ that isproduced by cathode. Thus, the electrodes can be used effectively.

O₂+H—+e----H₂O₂

O₂+H₂O+2e-----HOO.—+OH—

HOO.—+H₂O+2e----H₂O₂+OH—

The mass/volume ratio of the activated carbon microparticles in theelectrolyte is preferably 1%˜9%, more preferably 1% to 6%, even morepreferably 1% to 5%, and most preferably 3%.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the diameter of theactivated carbon microparticles is 3˜5 mm.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the constant current ispreferably 0.1˜0.9 A, more preferably 0.3˜0.7 A, and most preferably 0.5A.

In some embodiments of the present invention, preferably, convertingbiomass materials into organic acids by one-step by electrolyzing 10˜190min under condition of constant current using bipolarthree-dimension-electrodes system.

In some embodiments of the present invention, preferably, theelectrolyte contains NaCl or KCl with molarity and volume ratio of 20mmol/L˜2 mol/L. NaCl or KCl is used as conductive agent and aimed havingconductive effect in the energized conditions.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the biomass materials arelignin or corn stalks, and preferably, the mass/volume ratio of thebiomass materials in the electrolyte is 2%˜20%. Lignin is provided fromwaste lignin of cellulosic ethanol plant, waste lignin of paper mill andindustrial waste of other sources.

In some embodiments of the present invention, preferably, both the anodeand the cathode are graphite plate electrodes.

As shown in FIG. 4, the present invention also provides a container forconverting biomass materials into soluble substances by one-step,comprising:

A tank 1 which holds electrolyte at the interior thereof, wherein theside wall of the tank 1 is provided with an opening, the opening isprovided with a permeable membrane, and the opening also communicateswith a discharge pipe 10;

A pair of electrode plates 2, 3 which are immersed into the electrolyteby at least a part thereof, wherein the pair of electrode plates 2, 3space from each other and connect to positive pole and negative pole ofpower supply respectively to form anode and cathode in energized staterespectively; and,

Particle electrodes 8 which are in granular form and are suspended inthe electrolyte.

In one embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the upperportion of the pair of electrode plates 2, 3 is level with the upperportion of the tank.

In some embodiments of the present invention, preferably, theelectrolyte contains NaCl or KCl with molarity and volume ratio of 20mmol/L˜2 mol/L.

In some embodiments of the present invention, preferably, the particleelectrodes 8 are activated carbon microparticles, and the mass/volumeratio of the activated carbon microparticles in the electrolyte is1%˜6%.

In one embodiment of the present invention, preferably, both the pair ofelectrode plates 2, 3 are graphite plate electrodes.

In one embodiment of the present invention, preferably, furthercomprising: air sparger 5 which is disposed at the bottom of the tank 1,and communicates with an intake pipe 6, to blow air to make the particleelectrodes 8 to be suspended in the electrolyte.

Or, particle electrodes are suspended in the electrolyte by using amixer. It should be known that the particle electrodes 8 and the biomassmaterials can be evenly suspended in the electrolyte by various devicesand means, and it is not limited to the two ways listed here.

As shown in FIG. 1, reactions occur at the anode and the cathode when aconstant current is applied in the container of the present invention.Biomass materials 7 and particle electrodes 8 mix well after blowing airfrom the intake pipe. After applying a constant current, free radicalsare rapidly produced and the free radicals can oxidize the biomassmaterials to produce organic acids, sugars, and aromatic compounds. Whenthe reaction is complete, 9 is opened and organic acids throughselectively permeable membrane can be efficiently discharged into thecollecting barrel 11 through the discharge pipe 10. It should be knownthat the pore diameter or the material of the selectively permeablemembrane here is not limited, and the selectively permeable membranethat organic acids are selectively allowed to permeate can work.

Wherein, the organic acids can be used in the food industry, thecosmetics industry and the jet fuel industry.

Experimental Method: The Method of Electrolytic Conversion.

Step one: NaCl solution with a certain concentration was prepared, whichwas used as conductive agent and aimed at having conductive effect inthe energized conditions.

Step two: The biomass materials with the adding amount 2%˜20% were addedto the NaCl solution above.

Step three: A certain concentration of activated carbon microparticleswere added, which were used as electrode particles and can be used againand again. In the condition of blowing air or using a stirring rotor,the activated carbon particles were suspended in the solution relativelydispersedly, and bipolarized in the effect of electric field to formbipolar three-dimension electrodes. Every microparticles in the solutionconstituted a micro electrolytic cell, and anodic reaction occurred atone end of the microparticle, cathodic reaction occurred at the otherend of the microparticle.

Step four: Two graphite plate electrodes were putted into the solutionthat mixed with biomass materials, which were used as the anode and thecathode respectively.

Step five: Both the anode and the cathode were energized by using a DCpower supply that control the voltage and electric current invariable.

Step six: After reacting for a period of time, the solution was takenout, and centrifuged to retain the supernatant. A certain amount ofn-hexane were added to extract organic acids and the supernatant wereretained. The varieties and concentration of the organic acids weredetected by using GC-MS.

Detecting the Varieties and Concentration of the Organic Acids by UsingGC-MS:

Sample Preparation: 5 ml supernatant of reaction mixtures was taken and5 mL n-hexane solution was added. Then the mixture was oscillated for 10h. After standing for stratification, the upper organic phase wasretained, and washed 3˜5 times with n-hexane solution until the organicphase remains colorless. The organic phases were combined. The solventwas removed by volatilization under N₂ to obtain fat and oil. Weighingand calculating.

Methyl esterification of fat and oil: 0.05 g oil was taken and placed in10 ml stoppered test tube, and then 1 ml of 0.5 mol/L solution of KOH inmethanol was added. Saponification was conducted in a 60° C. water bathfor 15 min with shaking. After cooling, 2 ml of 14% borontrifluoride-methanol solution was added and oscillated in a 60° C. waterbath for 2 min. After cooling to room temperature, 1 ml n-hexane wasadded and oscillated. 1 ml saturated NaCl solution was added. Anhydroussodium sulfate was added. 980 μL the supernatant was taken, 20 μL methylnonadecanoate was added as an internal standard and was taken into thebottle for gas chromatographic analysis after filtering.

Gas analysis and detection: chromatographic column specifications:sp-2560, 100 m×0.25 mm×0.20 μm; carrier gas: N₂; split ratio: 30/1;injector temperature: 250° C.; oven temperature: 180° C.; sample size: 1μL; Initially, the column temperature was 180° C., and then thetemperature was increased to 240° C. at a rate of 30° C./min andmaintained 18 min.

Embodiment 1

With the method above, an experiment was carried out in the presentinvention by using the following conditions. current intensity: 0.3 A;reacting at different times; molarity and volume ratio of NaCl: 0.4mol/L; mass/volume ratio of the particle electrodes in the electrolyte:2%; mass/volume ratio of the lignin in the electrolyte: 5%; Afterreaction, samples were taken and extracted by ethyl acetate andn-hexane. The varieties of the products were analyzed by GC-MS. Theresult of GC-MS showed the product mainly included two substances:hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester and 9-octadecenoic acid, methyl ester.The main products from the biomass materials were hexadecanoic acid and9-octadecanoic acid. This was because products need to be methylesterified before the GC-MS analysis, and the real products shouldaccordingly remove methyl ester moieties. Yields and conversion rates ofevery product were analyzed by GC-MS. The gas detection diagram wasshown in FIG. 1, and the varieties and conversion rates of products wereshown in table 1 and table 2.

TABLE 1 identification of the varieties of products by GC-MS peak CASappearance matching registry chemical molecular time compound namefactor number formula peak area weight 13.1504 Hexadecanoic acid, 86.2 112-39-0 C₁₇H₃₄O₂ 776852.1 270.256 methyl ester 13.7495 9-Octadecenoicacid, 93.4 1937-62-8 C₁₉H₃₆O₂ 360996.8358 296.272 methyl ester, (E)-

TABLE 2 conversion rates of two products at different reaction time inthe present embodiment hexadecanoic 9-octadecenoic product acid acidconversion rate (100 min) 28.1% 25.5% conversion rate (190 min) 30.3%27.5%

Embodiment 2

With the method above, an experiment was carried out in the presentinvention by using the following conditions. current intensity: 0.3 A;molarity and volume ratio of NaCl: 0.2 mol/L; mass/volume ratio of theparticle electrodes in the electrolyte: 2%; mass/volume ratio of thelignin in the electrolyte: 5%; After different reaction time, sampleswere taken and extracted by ethyl acetate and n-hexane. Yields andconversion rates of every product were analyzed by GC-MS, as shown intable 3. The gas detection diagram was shown in FIG. 2.

TABLE 3 conversion ratios of two products in the present embodimenthexadecanoic 9-octadecenoic product acid acid conversion rate (57.5 min)24.2% 23.4%

Embodiment 3

With the method above, an experiment was carried out in the presentinvention by using the following conditions. current intensity: 0.3 A;molarity and volume ratio of NaCl: 0.4 mol/L; mass/volume ratio of theparticle electrodes in the electrolyte: 3%; lignin: 5%; After differentreaction time, samples were taken and extracted by ethyl acetate andn-hexane. Yields and conversion rates of every product were analyzed byGC-MS, as shown in table 4. The gas detection diagram was shown in FIG.3.

TABLE 4 conversion ratios of two products in the present embodimenthexadecanoic 9-octadecenoic product acid acid conversion rate (90 min)18.3% 20.7% conversion rate (120 min) 27.6% 23.7%

Embodiment 4

With the method above, an experiment was carried out in the presentinvention by using the following conditions. current intensity: 0.3 A;reaction time; molarity and volume ratio of NaCl: 0.4 mol/L; mass/volumeratio of the particle electrodes in the electrolyte: 2%; mass/volumeratio of the lignin in the electrolyte: 5%; After different reactiontime, samples were taken and extracted by ethyl acetate and n-hexane.Yields and conversion rates of every product were analyzed by GC-MS, asshown in table 5.

TABLE 5 conversion ratios of two products in the present embodimenthexadecanoic 9-octadecenoic product acid acid conversion rate (120 min)52.0% 54.0%

Embodiment 5

Lignosulfonate was used as substrate, current intensity: 0.5 A; molarityand volume ratio of NaCl: 0.4 M; mass/volume ratio of the particleelectrodes in the electrolyte: 3%; mass/volume ratio of the lignin inthe electrolyte: 5%; After different reaction time, samples were takenand extracted by ethyl acetate and n-hexane. Yields and conversion ratesof every product were analyzed by GC-MS. Lignosulfonate was disposed byfree radicals for 180 min. Hexadecanoic acid and 9-octadecenoic acidwere still mainly detected by GC-MS. As shown in Table 6, the conversionrates of hexadecanoic acid and 9-octadecenoic acid were 27.0% and 33.8%respectively.

TABLE 6 conversion ratios of two products in the present embodimenthexadecanoic 9-octadecenoic product acid acid conversion rate (180 min)27.0% 33.8%

Embodiment 6

Corn straw was used as a process object. The corn stalk contained threemain ingredients: 35% cellulose, 31% hemicellulose and 13% lignin. Cornstalks that were used as biomass materials were added into an 8 Lreactor with mass/volume ratio of the corn stalks in the electrolyte of5% (w/v). NaCl was used as a conductive agent and the molarity andvolume ratio of NaCl was 0.1 mol/L. With the extension of the reactiontime, the solid matter was decreasing. When 80 g corn stalks weredisposed by the radicals for 300 min, the solid matter disappeared.Maybe, the biomass materials were oxidized by the radicals, and crackedto produce some small molecule substances. The supernatant was extractedby hexane, and then was detected by GC-MS. After reacting 30 min, theyields of palmitic acid and 9-octadecenoic acid were 23.4% and 27.6%,respectively. The highest yields of palmitic acid and 9-octadecenoicacid from the corn straws were observed at 30 min.

TABLE 7 conversion ratios of two products in the present embodimenthexadecanoic 9-octadecenoic product acid acid conversion rate (30 min)23.4% 27.6%

Embodiment 7

With the method above, the applicant of the present invention usedradicals that are produced by electrolysis to dispose lignin under theall combined conditions shown in Table 8. The soluble substances wereextracted, and analyzed by GC-MS.

In the Table 8, A represented the current intensity, −2, −1, 0, 1 and 25represents 0.1 A, 0.3 A, 0.5 A, 0.7 A and 0.9 A respectively.

B represented reaction time, −2, −1, 0, 1 and 25 represented 10 min, 20min, 30 min, 40 min and 50 min respectively.

C represented molarity and volume ratio of NaCl, −2, −1. 0, 1 and 25represented 0.1 mol/L, 0.2 mol/L, 0.3 mol/L, 0.4 mol/L and 0.5 mol/Lrespectively.

D represented mass/volume ratio of the particle electrodes in theelectrolyte, −2, −1, 0, 1 and 25 represented 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5%respectively.

TABLE 8 central composite experimental table of four factors and fivelevels hexadecanoic 9-octadecenoic group A B C D acid acid 1 0 0 0 00.144867 0.162866 2 0 0 0 0 0.157344 0.193386 3 0 0 0 0 0.1918250.230963 4 −1 −1 1 −1 0.086879 0.085864 5 −1 −1 −1 1 0.176914 0.211655 60 −2 0 0 0.406808 0.365074 7 1 1 −1 1 0.218405 0.252838 8 0 0 0 00.008236 0.008236 9 −2 0 0 0 0.175655 0.192652 10 1 1 1 1 0.2439540.297085 11 0 0 0 −2 0.03898 0.038371 12 −1 1 −1 1 0.333484 0.385746 131 1 −1 −1 0.173807 0.203513 14 0 0 −2 0 0.433372 0.414312 15 0 0 0 00.14899 0.024299 16 0 0 0 0 0.022454 0.02421 17 1 −1 1 −1 0.2379110.230334 18 0 0 0 1 0.177761 0.220107 19 1 −1 −1 1 0.248679 0.276587 200 0 2 0 0.191121 0.223355 21 1 −1 −1 −1 0.161825 0.173457 22 0 2 0 00.22304 0.234281 23 −1 1 1 −1 0.026166 0.028116 24 −1 1 1 1 0.3077370.33964 75 2 0 0 0 0.169941 0.207316 26 1 −1 1 1 0.1472 0.189042 27 −1−1 −1 −1 0.230439 0.262821 28 −1 −1 1 1 0.19226 0.246194 29 −1 1 −1 −10.437172 0.410281 30 1 1 1 −1 0.30826 0.391302 31 0 0 0 0 0.0225280.024249

The results were shown in Table 8. Under the conditions of the group 14(current intensity: 0.5 A, reaction time: 30 min), molarity and volumeratio of NaCl: 0.1 mol/L, mass/volume ratio of the particle electrodesin the electrolyte: 1%), the conversion rate of lignin conversion intopalmitic acid reached 43.3%, and the conversion rate of ligninconversion into 9-octadecenoic acid reached 41.4%. The sum of conversionrates exceeded 80%. Under the conditions of the group 29 (currentintensity: 0.3 A, reaction time: 40 min), molarity and volume ratio ofNaCl: 0.2 mol/L, mass/volume ratio of the particle electrodes in theelectrolyte: 2%), the conversion rate of lignin conversion into palmiticacid reached 43.7%, and the conversion rate of lignin conversion into9-octadecenoic acid reached 41.0%.

Embodiment 8

With the method above, an experiment was carried out in the presentinvention by using the following conditions. current intensity: 0.5 A;reaction time; molarity and volume ratio of NaCl: 0.4 mol/L; mass/volumeratio of the particle electrodes in the electrolyte: 3%; mass/volumeratio of the lignin in the electrolyte: 5%; After different reactiontime, samples were taken and extracted by ethyl acetate and n-hexane.Yields and conversion rates of every product were analyzed by GC-MS.

TABLE 9 conversion ratios of two products in the present embodimenthexadecanoic 9-octadecenoic product acid acid conversion rate (120 min)45.1% 40.2%

Embodiment 9

With the method above, an experiment was carried out in the presentinvention by using the following conditions, current intensity: 0.5 A;reaction time; molarity and volume ratio of KCl: 0.02 mol/L; mass/volumeratio of the particle electrodes in the electrolyte: 3%; mass/volumeratio of the lignin in the electrolyte: 5%; After different reactiontime, samples were taken and extracted by ethyl acetate and n-hexane.Yields and conversion rates of every product were analyzed by GC-MS, asshown in Table 10.

TABLE 10 conversion ratios of two products in the present embodimenthexadecanoic 9-octadecenoic product acid acid conversion rate (120 min)20.4% 21.5%

Embodiment 10

With the method above, an experiment was carried out in the presentinvention by using the following conditions. current intensity: 0.5 A;reaction time; molarity and volume ratio of KCl: 2 mol/L; mass/volumeratio of the particle electrodes in the electrolyte: 2%. mass/volumeratio of the corn straw in the electrolyte: 2%; After different reactiontime, samples were taken and extracted by ethyl acetate and n-hexane.Yields and conversion rates of every product were analyzed by GC-MS, asshown in Table 11.

TABLE 11 conversion ratios of two products in the present embodimenthexadecanoic 9-octadecenoic product acid acid conversion rate (90 min)12.5% 18.5%

Embodiment 11

With the method above, an experiment was carried out in the presentinvention by using the following conditions. current intensity: 0.5 A;reaction time; molarity and volume ratio of KCl: 1.2 mol/L; mass/volumeratio of the particle electrodes in the electrolyte: 3%; mass/volumeratio of the lignin in the electrolyte: 20%; After different reactiontime, samples were taken and extracted by ethyl acetate and n-hexane.Yields and conversion rates of every product were analyzed by GC-MS, asshown in Table 12.

TABLE 12 conversion ratios of two products in the present embodimenthexadecanoic 9-octadecenoic product acid acid conversion rate (120 min)30.4% 20.5%

Embodiment 12

With the method above, an experiment was carried out in the presentinvention by using the following conditions. current intensity: 0.5 A;reaction time; molarity and volume ratio of KCl: 0.8 mol/L; mass/volumeratio of the particle electrodes in the electrolyte: 3%; mass/volumeratio of the lignin in the electrolyte: 2%; After different reactiontime, samples were taken and extracted by ethyl acetate and n-hexane.Yields and conversion rates of every product were analyzed by GC-MS, asshown in Table 13.

TABLE 13 conversion ratios of two products in the present embodimenthexadecanoic 9-octadecenoic product acid acid conversion rate (120 min)26.2% 32.4%

Biomass materials included cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin-similarsubstances. The present invention disclosed a process of translatingbiomass materials into soluble substances such as organic acids, sugarsand aromatic compounds. Activated carbon-similar substances were welldistributed in solution to produce a large number of free radicals. Thebiomass materials can be oxidized by the free radicals to crack. Thisprocess required two electrodes that needed to be energized.

The number and the processing scale described herein was used tosimplify the description of the present invention. The applications,modifications and variations of the bipolar three-dimension-electrodessystem of the present invention was obvious to those skilled in the art.

As described above, the present invention had the effect of realizingone-step conversion, having mild reaction conditions and needing noadditional chemical reagents due to using the bipolar three-dimensionelectrode to convert the biomass materials.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosedabove, but it is not limited to the use of the specification andembodiments listed. It can be applied to various fields suitable for thepresent invention. Those skilled in the art can easily modified.Therefore, without departing from the general concept of the scopedefined by the claims and the equivalents, the present invention is notlimited to the specific details and illustrations herein illustrated anddescribed herein.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method for converting biomass materials intosoluble substances by one-step, characterized by comprising: convertingbiomass materials into soluble substances by using a bipolarthree-dimensional-electrodes system to electrolyzing the biomassmaterials at a certain time under the condition of constant current byone-step, wherein the bipolar three-dimension-electrodes system includesan anode, a cathode, particle electrodes and electrolyte, and inelectrolyzing process, the particle electrodes and the biomass materialsbeing suspended in the electrolyte.
 2. The method for converting biomassmaterials into soluble substances by one-step of claim 1, characterizedby, the constant current being 0.1˜0.9 A.
 3. The method for convertingbiomass materials into soluble substances by one-step of claim 2,characterized by, the constant current being 0.3˜0.7 A.
 4. The methodfor converting biomass materials into soluble substances by one-step ofclaim 1, characterized by, converting biomass materials into organicacids which are some kinds of soluble substances by using bipolarthree-dimension-electrodes system to electrolyzing the biomass materialsat 10˜190 minutes under the condition of constant current by one-step.5. The method for converting biomass materials into soluble substancesby one-step of claim 1, characterized by, the electrolyte containingNaCl or KCl with molarity and volume ratio of 20 mmol/L˜2 mol/L.
 6. Themethod for converting biomass materials into soluble substances byone-step of claim 1, characterized by, the particle electrodes areactivated carbon microparticles, the mass/volume ratio of the activatedcarbon microparticles in the electrolyte being 1%˜9%.
 7. The method forconverting biomass materials into soluble substances by one-step ofclaim 1, characterized by, the diameter of the activated carbonmicroparticle being 3˜5 mm.
 8. The method for converting biomassmaterials into soluble substances by one-step of claim 1, characterizedby, the biomass materials being lignin or corn stalks.
 9. The method forconverting biomass materials into soluble substances by one-step ofclaim 1, characterized by, the mass/volume ratio of the biomassmaterials in the electrolyte being 2%˜20%.
 10. The method for convertingbiomass materials into soluble substances by one-step of claim 1,characterized by, both the anode and the cathode being graphite plateelectrodes.
 11. A container for converting biomass materials intosoluble substances by one-step, characterized by, comprising: A tankwhich holds electrolyte at the interior thereof, wherein the side wallof the tank is provided with an opening, the opening is provided with apermeable membrane, and the opening also communicates with a dischargepipe; A pair of electrode plates which are immersed into the electrolyteby at least a part thereof, wherein the pair of electrode plates spacefrom each other and connect to positive pole and negative pole of powersupply respectively to form anode and cathode in energized staterespectively; and, Particle electrodes which are in granular form andare suspended in the electrolyte.
 12. The container for convertingbiomass materials into soluble substances by one-step of claim 11,characterized by, the upper portions of the pair of electrode platesbeing level with the upper portion of the tank.
 13. The container forconverting biomass materials into soluble substances by one-step ofclaim 11, characterized by, the electrolyte containing NaCl or KCl withmolarity and volume ratio of 20 mmol/L˜2 mol/L.
 14. The container forconverting biomass materials into soluble substances by one-step ofclaim 11, characterized by, the particle electrodes being activatedcarbon microparticles, the mass/volume ratio of the activated carbonmicroparticles in the electrolyte being 1%˜9%.
 15. The container forconverting biomass materials into soluble substances by one-step ofclaim 11, characterized by, the pair of electrode plates being graphiteplate electrodes.
 16. The container for converting biomass materialsinto soluble substances by one-step of claim 11, characterized by,further comprising: air sparger which is disposed at the bottom of thetank, and is communicated with an intake pipe, to blow air to make theelectrode particles to be suspended in the electrolyte.
 17. Uses ofsoluble substances which are obtained by the method in claim 1.